Python Tuple

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A tuple is a Python object sequence that is immutable. Tuples are sequences, just like lists. The main difference between tuples and lists is that tuples cannot be changed unlike Python Lists. Tuples use parentheses, whereas Python Lists use square brackets.

Creating a tuple is as easy as putting comma-separated values. Optionally, you can put these comma-separated values between parentheses also. For example :

#Simple example of creating tuple in python programming language

tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1993, 2017)
tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 )
tup3 = "a", "b", "c", "d"

The empty tuple is written as two parentheses containing nothing, example : tup1 = (); To write a tuple containing a single value you have to include a comma, even though there is only one value, e.g. : tup1 = (50,) Like String indices, tuple indices start at 0, and they can be sliced, concatenated, and so on.

Accessing Values in Python Tuple

To access values in a tuple, use square brackets for slicing along with the index or indices to obtain values available at that index. For example :

#How to access tuple values

tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1993, 2017)
tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 )

print ("tup1[0]: ", tup1[0])
print ("tup2[1:5]: ", tup2[1:5])

After you execute the code above, the result will be as below :

tup1[0]: physics tup2[1:5]: (2, 3, 4, 5)

Updating Values in Python Tuple

Tuples are immutable, which means you cannot update or change the values of tuple elements. You are able to take portions of existing tuples to create new tuples as the following example demonstrates.

tup1 = (12, 34.56)
tup2 = ('abc', 'xyz')

# Action like below cannot be done on python tuple

# Because indeed value on python tuple cannot be changed

# tup1[0] = 100;

# So, create new tuple as follows

tup3 = tup1 + tup2
print (tup3)

Deleting Values in Python Tuple

Removing individual tuple elements is not possible. There is nothing wrong with putting together another tuple with the undesired elements discarded.

To explicitly remove an entire tuple, just use the del statement. For example :

tup = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1993, 2017)
print(tup)

# delete tuple with del statement

del tup

# then recreate new tuple with desired elements

tup = ('Language', 'Literacy', 2020)
print("After deleting tuple :", tup)

Basic Operations on Python Tuple

Tuples respond to the + and * operators much like Strings; they mean concatenation and repetition here too, except that the result is a new tuple, not a string.

In fact, Tuples respond to all of the general sequence operations we used on Strings in the previous chapter. Below is a table of list of basic operations on Python Tuple.

Python Expression	Result	Explanation
`len((1, 2, 3))`	`3`	Length
`(1, 2, 3) + (4, 5, 6)`	`(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)`	Concatenation
`('Hello!',) \* 4`	`('Hello!', 'Hello!', 'Hello!', 'Hello!')`	Repetition
`3 in (1, 2, 3)`	`True`	Membership
`for x in (1,2,3) : print (x, end = ' ')`	`1 2 3`	Iteration

Indexing, Slicing and Matrix on Python Tuple

Because tuples are sequences, indexing and slicing work the same way for tuples as they do for Strings, assuming the following input

Assuming following input : T = ('C++', 'Java', 'Python')

Python Expression	Result	Explanation
`T[2]`	`'Python'`	Offsets start at zero
`T[-2]`	`'Java'`	Negative: count from the right
`T[1:]`	`('Java', 'Python')`	Slicing fetches sections

Built-in Functions on Python Tuple

Python includes built-in functions as follows

Python Function	Explanation
`len(tuple)`	Gives total length of tuple.
`max(tuple)`	Returns item from tuple with max value.
`min(tuple)`	Returns item from tuple with min value.
`tuple(seq)`	Converts a list into tuple.

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