Python Operators

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Operators are constructs that can manipulate the values of operands.

For example the operation 3 + 2 = 5. Here 3 and 2 are operands and + is the operator.

The Python programming language supports various kinds of operators, including:

Arithmetic Operators
Comparison (Relational) Operators
Assignment Operators
Logical Operators
Bitwise Operators
Membership Operators
Identity Operators

Arithmetic Operators

Operator	Example	Explanation
Addition `+`	`1 + 3 = 4`	Adds the value of each operand or number
Subtraction `-`	`4 - 1 = 3`	Subtracts the operand value on the left using the operand on the right
Multiplication `*`	`2 * 4 = 8`	Multiplies operands/numbers
Division `/`	`10 / 5 = 2`	To divide the operand on the left using the operand on the right
Modulus `%`	`11 % 2 = 1`	Gets the remainder of the division from the operand on the left of the operator when divided by the operand on the right
Exponent `**`	`8 ** 2 = 64`	Raises the operand on the left of the operator to the power of the operand on the right of the operator
Floor Division `//`	`10 // 3 = 3`	Same as division. It's just that the digits behind the comma are removed

Below is an example of using Arithmetic Operators in Python programming language

#ARITHMETIC OPERATORS

#Addition
print(13 + 2)
apple = 7
orange = 9
fruit = apple + orange #
print(fruit)

#Subtraction
debt = 10000
pay = 5000
remainingDebt = debt - pay
print("Your remaining debt is ", remainingDebt)

#Multiplication
length = 15
width = 8
area = length * width
print(area)

#Division
cake = 16
child = 4
cakePerChild = cake / child
print("Each child will get cake parts as much as ", cakePerChild)

#Modulus
number1 = 14
number2 = 5
result = number1 % number2
print("Remainder of division from number ", number1, " and ", number2, " is ", result)

#Exponent
number3 = 8
number4 = 2
resultExponent = number3 ** number4
print(resultExponent)

#Floor Division
print(10//3)
#10 divided by 3 is 3.3333. Because it is rounded down it will produce value 3

Comparison (Relational) Operators

Comparison operators are used to compare a value from each operand.

Operator	Example	Explanation
Equal to `==`	`1 == 1`	True if each operand has the same value, then the condition is True.
Not equal to `!=`	`2 != 2`	False. Will produce the opposite value of the actual condition.
Greater than `>`	`5 > 3`	True If the left operand value is greater than the right operand value, then the condition becomes true.
Less than `<`	`5 < 3`	True If the left operand value is smaller than the right operand value, then the condition becomes true.
Greater than or equal to `>=`	`5 >= 3`	True If the left operand value is greater than the right operand value, or same, then the condition becomes true.
Less than or equal to `<=`	`5 <= 3`	True If the left operand value is smaller than the right operand value, or same, then the condition becomes true.

Below is an example of using Comparison Operators in Python programming language

# EQUAL TO
print(1 == 1) # Result will be True because one equals one
print(1 == 2) # Result will be False because one does not equal two

# NOT EQUAL TO
print(2 != 2) # Result will be False because two should be equal to two
print(2 != 3) # Result will be True because two is not equal to three

# GREATER THAN
print(5 > 3) # Result will be True because five is greater than three

# LESS THAN
print(5 < 3) # Result will be False because five is not smaller than three

# GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO
print(5 >= 3) # Result will be True because five is greater than or equal to three

# LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO
print(5 <= 3) # Result will be False because five is not smaller than or equal to three

Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to give or modify values into a variable.

Operator	Example	Explanation
Equal `=`	`a = 1`	Gives value on the right into the variable on the left.
Add equal `+=`	`a += 2`	Gives variable value with variabe value itself added with value on the right.
Subtract equal `-=`	`a -= 2`	Gives variable value with variable value itself subtracted by value on the right.
Multiply equal `*=`	`a *= 2`	Gives variable value with variable value itself multiplied by value on the right.
Divide equal `/=`	`a /= 4`	Gives variable value with variable value itself divided by value on the right.
Modulus equal `%=`	`a %= 3`	Gives variable value with variable value itself divided by value on the right. What is taken later is the remainder.
Exponent equal `**=`	`a **= 3`	Gives variable value with variable value itself raised to the power of value on the right.
Floor Division equal `//=`	`a //= 3`	Divides rounded operand left of operator with operand right of operator then the result is filled to left operand.

Operator Execution Priority in Python

Of all the operators above, each has a priority order where the first priority will be done first, and so on until the last priority.

Operator	Description
`**`	Arithmetic
`~, +, -`	Bitwise
`*, /, %, //`	Arithmetic
`+, -`	Arithmetic
`>>, <<`	Bitwise
`&`	Bitwise
`^`	Bitwise
`<=, <, >, >=`	Comparison
`==, !=`	Comparison
`=, %=, /=, //=, -=, +=, =, *=`	Assignment
`is, is not`	Identity
`in, not in`	Membership
`not, or, and`	Logical

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